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Minna no Nihongo Lesson 2 Grammar(N5)

Minna no Nihongo Lesson 2 Grammar
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Minna no Nihongo Lesson 2 Grammar

 

Minna No Nihongo Lesson 2 Grammar

1. これ / それ / あれ は N です
Meaning: This / that / that is N
[これ] : This one, hey (the thing that is close to the speaker)
[それ] : That, that (Something far from the speaker)
[あれ] : That, there (The thing is far from the speaker and the listener)

For example :
これ は ほん です。
This is a book

それ は じしょです。
It is a dictionary

あれ は かばん です。
That’s the bag

For a question that confirms whether something is true or not, we just need to add [か] to the end of the sentence.

For example :
それ は テレホンカード ですか。
Is that a phone card?

2. そう です/そうじゃありません
Usage: Used in noun queries to confirm whether something is true or false, isn’t it?

はい、そうです。
Yes, yes.

いいえ、そうじゃありません。
No, it’s not

For example :
それ は テレホンカード ですか。
Is that a phone card?

はい、そうです。
Yes, yes.

いいえ、そうじゃありません。
No, it’s not

3. この/その/あの N1 は N2 の です
Meaning: N1 this / that / that is of N2

For example :
この ノート は わたし の です。
This book is mine

その じしょ は さとうさん の です。
That dictionary is from Sato’s friend

あの めいし は カリナさん の です。
That business card is yours Karina

4. これ/それ/あれ N1 ですか、N2  ですか
Meaning: Is this / that / that a N1 or a N2?
Usage: The question is used to ask questions about the choices of the respondents. Respondents will choose N1 or N2. This type of question, when answering without using [はい] (Yes / yes) or [いいえ] (No), will answer by choosing N1 or N2 + です (desu).

For example :
これ は ノート です、てちょう です。
Is this a notebook or notebook?

ノート です。
This is a notebook

それ は えんぴつ です、ポールペン です。
Is it a pencil or a ballpoint pen?

ポールペン です。
It was a ball pen

5. これ/それ/あれ は N1  の N2 です
Meaning: This / that / that is N2 of / about N1
There are 2 ways in a sentence:

Usage 1: N1 explains what N2 is about.
For example :
これ は コンピューター の 本(ほん) です。
This is a book about computers

Usage 2: N1 is the owner of N2
For example :
これ は わたし の ほん です。
This book is mine

In the question with the answer “Yes” or “No”, we add [か] to the end of the sentence. Answer [はい] or [いいえ] For example :
これ は あなた の ほん です。
Is this book you?

はい、わたし の です。
Yes, this book is mine

いいえ、わたし の じゃありません。
No, that book is not mine

In the question N2 belongs to “who” (N1), we use the noun [だれ] (ai). The answer is [owner] + のです。
For example :
あれ は だれ の かさ ですか。
Whose umbrella is that?

さとうさん の です。
Sato’s umbrella

6. そうですか。
Meaning: Is that so!
Usage: Used when the speaker receives some new information and wants to express his or her attitude towards the information.
For example :
A: この かさ は あわやさん の ですか。
Is this umbrella yours Awaya?
B: いいえ、あわやさん じゃありません、さとうさん です。
No, that’s not it, Sato’s umbrella
A: そうですか。
Really!

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